Proper Tree Support Helps New Trees Grow Strong and Healthy

By Andi Anderson

As autumn approaches, many homeowners begin planting new trees to improve their landscapes. While planting trees in spring and fall is common, one important question often arises: should a newly planted tree be staked or supported?

According to former Purdue Extension urban forestry expert Lindsey Purcell, now Executive Director of the Indiana Arborist Association, staking is usually not required for most newly planted trees. Healthy trees can often establish themselves naturally without additional support.

Purcell explained that “No” is the likely answer to this common question.

“Trees establish themselves quite well in normal situations,” said Purcell. “Support systems such as staking and guying are, in most cases, unnecessary and can even be detrimental.” He noted that natural movement from wind plays an important role in developing strong and balanced trees.

Purcell further explained, “Wind sway has been shown to promote additional growth of wood fibers in the lower trunk.” This natural movement helps young trees develop stronger trunks and root systems over time.

However, support systems may be beneficial in certain situations. “However, in special situations, staking, guying, or a similar system may be needed to hold trees upright until adequate root growth anchors them firmly in the soil,” said Purcell. “When necessary, the support system must be installed properly and removed at the appropriate time to prevent damage.”

Examples where support may be helpful include bare-root trees, container-grown trees with small root balls, large evergreen trees, windy locations, taller trees with undersized root systems, and areas prone to vandalism.

Purcell identified three main tree support methods. Guying is generally used for larger transplanted trees. “Three points of attachment provide the best support for these large-tree installations,” said Purcell. He also advised placing guy-wires on the lower half of the trunk and below two-thirds of the tree’s height.

Staking is a common method for smaller trees and container-grown stock. “This is a common approach on smaller trees or containerized tree stock,” said Purcell. “Proper tension is important in staking; allow some movement for trunk and root development.”

Underground stabilizing systems can also be used to secure larger root balls and are considered both effective and economical.

Purcell warned about the risks of improper support. “Improperly staked trees suffer from poor development such as decreased trunk diameters and smaller root systems—and may be unable to stay upright after you take the supports away,” said Purcell. “Often trunk tissue suffers from rubbing and may even be girdled by support materials.”

He concluded, “Staking and guying a tree trunk to keep it upright can be a necessary, temporary support system, but does not compensate for poor root development and establishment long-term.”

“Staking trees too high, too tightly, and for too long are the most common causes of tree damage,” said Purcell. Experts recommend regularly checking supports and removing them within one growing season or about one year to avoid long-term harm.

Photo Credit: purdue-university