By Andi Anderson
Farmers faced significant challenges with tar spot and corn leaf aphids in 2024. Experts shared lessons to improve crop management for future seasons.
Managing Tar Spot:
Tar spot was detected unusually early on June 10 in northern Indiana, nearly a month earlier than past records. Farmers learned that proactive management and scouting are critical for minimizing yield losses. Fungicide timing proved essential, as early applications risk a second application cost, while late treatments failed to control the disease effectively. In some untreated fields, yield losses ranged from 20 to 40 bushels per acre.
Corn Leaf Aphids:
Corn leaf aphids unexpectedly caused significant damage in northwest Indiana and east-central Illinois. These pests rapidly reproduced on specific hybrids, particularly before the tassel stage. While natural predators and fungi controlled populations in some cases, other fields experienced yield impacts. This highlights the need for vigilant scouting and hybrid selection.
Agronomic Fundamentals:
Experts emphasized the importance of maintaining optimal agronomics, including proper soil phosphorus, potassium, and pH levels, along with a robust nutrition plan. Healthy fields with strong agronomics consistently outperformed poorly managed ones. Potassium, in particular, was noted for improving water and nitrogen efficiency and overall plant health.
Key Takeaways for 2025:
Stay vigilant in scouting for tar spot and aphids.
Apply fungicides strategically to balance cost and effectiveness.
Focus on fundamental agronomics, including soil health and nutrition.
Dan Quinn, Purdue Extension corn specialist, emphasized, “Set the crop up for success from the start. Poor emergence, early stress, and inadequate nutrition will limit potential.”
Farmers can use these insights to better navigate unpredictable challenges and maximize yields in the coming seasons.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-dszc
Categories: Indiana, Crops, Corn