By Andi Anderson
Purdue University scientists are exploring the potential of Kura clover, a perennial legume, to improve soil health and reduce the need for synthetic nitrogen in corn production.
This research, led by Dr. Yichao Rui and funded by the USDA, aims to discover whether Kura clover can provide sufficient nitrogen for corn, a crop known for its high nitrogen demand.
Indiana is a major corn producer, with over a billion bushels harvested in 2023. Traditional corn farming practices rely heavily on synthetic fertilizers, which can lead to nitrogen loss into waterways and the atmosphere. Rui's team is testing if mulching Kura clover, which naturally fixes nitrogen from the air, could offer a more sustainable solution.
Kura clover could also help improve soil organic carbon storage, enhance water quality, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The experiments are taking place at Purdue's Water Quality Field Station, where researchers are comparing corn production with and without Kura clover.
Kura clover’s ability to grow year-round and fix nitrogen could make it an effective cover crop, providing ecological benefits while supporting corn growth. However, integrating it into large-scale corn farming presents challenges.
The clover competes with corn for resources and requires careful management. Farmers would also need to adapt new farming practices to use Kura clover successfully.
Although there are logistical hurdles, the researchers believe Kura clover could provide a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers while enhancing soil health and reducing environmental impact. More studies are underway to fully understand its potential in large-scale farming systems.
Photo Credit: purdue-university
Categories: Indiana, Education